秘密、保密、不泄露

The Secret originates from the law, either as attributed to a profession, then it will be called Professional Secret or as attributed to those who exercise a state authority. It will then be designated as Secret of Function. Confidentiality emanates from private law, mainly as the result of a contractual clause or of a contract. … 阅读更多

智能合约

The smart contract is a small computer application simulating the operation of a contract: The manifestation of reciprocal and concordant wills, materialized by several valid consents, to exchange a good or a service, according to pre-determined terms, sometimes in the form of firm commitments, sometimes in the form of conditional commitments. The reliability of the … 阅读更多

相对数量——第 1 部分:概率指数

Principle The purpose of financial projections is to estimate the future performance of a particular issuer using the necessary assumptions in order to prepare the budget decisions, to draw up a financing plan or to guide the buyer in his subscription. These financial projections are calculated using more or less known future data and some … 阅读更多

识别操纵器

excerpt from Isabelle Nazare-Aga’s book “The manipulators are among us“. I have been hesitating a long time to publish an article where more than 80% of the content does not come from my pen and I finally decided that my first mission is not to be original but to train. However, almost everything taught does … 阅读更多

私募股权投资:
请问出口在哪里?

Most entrepreneurs write their business plan as a shopping list and a description of how they intend to build their project. Except for themselves and maybe a few, family, friends and fools who love or admire those entrepreneurs, nobody cares about it. At least not an investor, unless he perceives feasibility itself as an issue. … 阅读更多

私募股权二级市场(Private Equity Secondary or Secondary)

In finance, the private equity secondary market (also often called private equity secondaries secondaries) refers to the buying and selling of pre-existing investor commitments to private equity and other alternative investment funds. Given the absence of established trading markets for these interests, the transfer of interests in private equity funds as well as hedge funds can … 阅读更多

私人产权

In finance, private equity is a type of investment where the investor participates in the ownership of the company contrarily to a creditor or debt owner. It is also an asset class consisting of equity securities in companies that are not publicly traded on a securities exchange. A private equity investment will generally be made … 阅读更多

私募证券

The distribution of shares of stock, of bonds or of any other sort of securities can be done in a private or public manner. Everywhere in the world, any distribution of securities is highly regulated by the legal order. This arises from the very nature of the security that incorporates a right or an obligation … 阅读更多

一级市场和二级市场

Securities markets play a crucial role in the financial ecosystem by enabling capital allocation and investment. These markets are broadly categorized into primary and secondary markets. While both markets facilitate the buying and selling of securities, they serve different purposes and involve distinct participants. Understanding their functions, processes, and impact is essential for investors, corporations, … 阅读更多

史前金融

In the beginning of our story there was the homo putans (the thinking human being), the first prehistorical human who began to analyze and control his environment, in other words to think. First, he lives alone with his family, assuming alone the daily tasks necessary for his survival. He hunts, builds and maintains his home, … 阅读更多