198 Articles for Beginners

Cross-collateralization in the music business is a crucial yet complex topic that can significantly impact an artist’s financial future. This practice, widely used in record

In the music industry, publishing rights are one of the most critical and valuable aspects of a song’s copyright. Often less visible to the public,

The concept of “moral rights” in intellectual property law, especially in relation to songs, provides an essential layer of protection for creators, focusing not on

Valuing a startup, thus a company without any revenue, can be one of the most challenging tasks in the business world. Traditional valuation methods, such

Purchasing a bank represents a monumental undertaking that requires a confluence of strategic planning, regulatory insight, and financial acumen. This article aims to serve as

In the fast-paced world of finance and investments, timing is everything. Whether you’re a startup founder, a venture capitalist, or a stock market investor, knowing

In today’s knowledge-driven economy, licensing intellectual property (IP) has become a vital strategy for monetization, providing a crucial revenue stream for inventors and small businesses.

Intellectual property (IP) — encompassing patents, trademarks, and copyrights — has become a cornerstone of corporate valuation and financing. With the advent of knowledge-based economies,

Shareholder meetings are a cornerstone of corporate governance. These meetings enable shareholders to exercise their voting rights on significant matters concerning the company, such as

A loan in bad faith refers to a situation where a lender provides a loan to a borrower knowing that the borrower is unlikely to

An Initial Public Offering (IPO) is a complex process that involves several steps and requires careful planning and preparation. The following are the general steps

It should be noted that not only is the definition of the word Expert unclear, as noted in my previous articles on the subject, but that the criteria vary considerably from one branch of activity to another.

Marc Deschenaux is the founder and managing partner of Deschenaux & Partners LLP. Throughout an illustrious career, he has been involved in 169 IPO’s and more than 240 private offerings.

The long-awaited debuts of mega unicorns Uber and Lyft were mega busts, capped off by WeWork’s kamikaze IPO attempt in September. But beyond these headline-grabbing

SHARES OF STOCK ISSUES I. GENERAL RULES AND CLASSIC FINANCING METHODS An entrepreneur or a company is looking to raise capital to undertake a project.

IPO Allotment is a process where the “registrar to the offer” with the help of a lottery system finalize the process of allocating the IPO

A pass-through security is backed by one or more income generating assets. A servicing intermediary collects the monthly payments from the issuer/s and, after deducting a fee, remits or passes them through

The term “Liquidity” may seem straightforward at a glance, often mistakenly equated to the term cash in popular understanding. However, within the financial realm, its

A share of stock in a company may have a par value or no-par value. These categories are both pretty much a historical oddity and

In almost all jurisdictions, a work made for hire (work for hire or WFH) is a work created by an employee or a subcontractor as

The Theory of Objects was born from the conception of object-oriented programming but its use expanded from computers to business analysis in general thereby giving

Many businesspeople come to me to ask me help them close multimillion and sometimes multibillion deals. They are broke but in their mind, this is

Definition The Subscription is a form of purchase agreement that differentiates itself from the classic purchase and sale agreement of securities, because it creates said

The Roadshow is a presentation organized by an issuer of securities and the syndicate of brokers and investment banks underwriting an issue of securities, aiming

This is a true story, just as it happened. In these times, Mohamed and I were spending our time in the Noga Hilton –today called

The Multilevel Brokerage Network (MBN) is a unique evolution in the realm of multilevel marketing networks. As the model can work both for the Busines-to-Business

The investment analysis, due diligence and selection processes tend to be long and expensive. These are the reasons why many investors try to avoid those

The Definition of the word Jurist The word Jurist is of Latin origin: iuris, “right”. According to the spirit of Roman law, the jurist is

Il a des idées sur tout, mais il a surtout des idées. Coluche He has ideas over all, but overall he only has ideas. Coluche

A domino effect or chain reaction is the cumulative effect produced when one event sets off a chain of similar events. The term is best known

Every action produces a reaction and a result which in turn produce repercussions. The child throws the ball (action) which pushes the air (reaction) which

Which currency is stable over time and not subject to inflation? None. The reason why is simple: Every currency is: A borrowing tool for the

A Term Sheet is a non binding document outlining the terms and conditions of a transaction, a contract, or of an offering. A Term Sheet

Sequel to my article: Story for understanding music Copyrights As the music score is only the dna of a music work, Mr. Composer Author and

First, let’s understand authoring rights: Mr. Composer Author married Ms. Lyricist Author, and thus they became the Co-Author couple. Together, they embarked on the creative

When one sees a stock quote, especially when one possesses this stock, one always thinks that this price applies to its entire participation. Besides, is

When we organize the initial public offering of a foreign company in the United States, we usually need to make the foreign company become a

The Secret originates from the law, either as attributed to a profession, then it will be called Professional Secret or as attributed to those who

The smart contract is a small computer application simulating the operation of a contract: The manifestation of reciprocal and concordant wills, materialized by several valid

Principle The purpose of financial projections is to estimate the future performance of a particular issuer using the necessary assumptions in order to prepare the

excerpt from Isabelle Nazare-Aga’s book “The manipulators are among us“. I have been hesitating a long time to publish an article where more than 80%

In finance, the private equity secondary market (also often called private equity secondaries secondaries) refers to the buying and selling of pre-existing investor commitments to private

In finance, private equity is a type of investment where the investor participates in the ownership of the company contrarily to a creditor or debt

The distribution of shares of stock, of bonds or of any other sort of securities can be done in a private or public manner. Everywhere

In the medias, many inepties are told about primary and secondary stock markets. When reading that, one can easily imagine that they are different markets

In the beginning of our story there was the homo putans (the thinking human being), the first prehistorical human who began to analyze and control

The Parley or the pre-contractual stage is a phase preceding the negotiation of a contract. To prepare for the successful conclusion of a contract, two

The offer must be precise and complete, it may be tacit, implied or express and can not be withdrawn before the fixed date or a

Mezzanine Financing or Mezzanine Capital refers to subordinated debt or preferred equity securities that often represent the most junior portion of a company’s capital structure, but that is still senior to the

Definition A Letter Of Intent L.O.I. or LOI is different from a term sheet because whether binding or not, it expresses consent to certain terms, whether preliminary

From a legal standpoint, the owner is way too often liable of many things unknown to him or her. On several occasions, I have been

Abstract from Investment Madness by John R. Nofsinger In order to operate in the financial markets, it is crucial to understand the investor’s psychology. Every

The Grand Hotel Palace shone under the sun in the late afternoon. There was no crowd at that hour. The man who went there with

The Initial Public Offering Definition The Initial Public Offering is the event defined as the first time that the shares of stock of a sstock

In this time of crisis, we systematically wonder about its causes, which are many. These include the low margins of the corporations arising from laws

Financing is the act of finding solutions to bring to completion. By extension, the solution most often used being money, it represents the act of

A gentlemen’s agreement litterally agreement among gentlemen is an informal agreement between two or more parties. It can be written, oral, or implicit by communicating a non-verbal

A company is in need of capital for any reason that it demonstrates can generate profits and amortize within a reasonable time frame. In the

Deriving from the word Finance, the definition of the word Financing is therefore the Act of finding solutions to carry out. By extension, the most

Finance The origin of the word Finance comes from the two latin words Finer which means carry out and Ansa which means solution. Financing therefore

Equity Dilution, also known as Stock Dilution or Share Dilution, is the decrease in percentage of existing shareholders’ ownership of a company as a result

Definition Due Diligence is an English term used to describe all procedures that verify the situation and the verbal or written statements of a legal

In law of obligations, Consent is the act of pronouncing in favor of a legal act, in the broad sense, and especially of any convention,

Under the pretext of fighting against dirty money, banks mandated but also threatened by the financial authorities of governments, supported by duly enacted laws and

How long will it take to raise the money we intend to raise?How long does it usually take to raise X million?When can you guarantee

In 2016 the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) approved the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) Rules relating to capital acquisition brokers (CABs).

A business plan is a document demonstrating the feasibility of a prospective new business and providing a roadmap for its first several years of operation.(Source:

“In theory and practice, the term business model is used for a broad range of informal and formal descriptions to represent core aspects of a

Conceptualization is the phase during which the Entrepreneur writes his ideas on paper to identify the concepts that will later layout the foundations of his

In the world of business, Unicorn is the new jargon name given to start-up companies that will ideally create their market or become the market

I often heard the following question: How is it possible that the price of the Bid is higher than the price of Ask and no

When an entrepreneur writes a business plan he generally finishes it with financial projections without explaining how s/he came up with these figures. Without reading

en collaboration avec Mademoiselle Wafa Essanhaji Notion arising from french law, the Agreement in Principle is one through which two or more parties stipulate only a

At its most basic level, the term ‘deal‘ signifies a sense of agreement or consent in common parlance. Nevertheless, when we delve into the realm

A Memorandum of Understanding MoU describes a bilateral or multilateral agreement between two or more parties. It expresses a convergence of wills between the parties,

Since birth, I never liked politics. Even when I joined a municipal elections candidates team at age 18, I have always considered politics like the

As many colleagues lawyers, investment bankers, business angels, venture capitalists and other members of the financial community, I look at business plans daily. In my

Current definition By its very definition Law, is the set of legal, interpretative or directive provisions which, at a given time and in a specific

Idea The first milestone of the Lifecycle of a Company is having the Idea that will be the birth of the concept. For an idea

Problematic: A common problematic in business is: from the investor’s standpoint: how to invest for a short period of time and make a significant profit

Problematic: It is often difficult to raise the budget of an IPO (Initial Public Offering). Moreover, there is a widely held wrong belief that an

What would a Charity Initial Public Offering (IPO) look like? The idea is to raise a large amount of money in order to make a

After the overview of the definitions of Expert and Expertise, let us approach that of the Domain of Expertise. But before entering into the content

Press release For immediate releaseThe authorities and the courts are facing more and more complex issues, leading to an increased risk of error. In several

Definition Expertise means examining something with a view to its estimation, its evaluation. It is normally produced by an expert or by several experts (college

The need for experts has never been greater historically than it is today. Whether in a political, scientific, institutional, technological, urbanistic or judicial framework, everywhere,

aims to protect the clients of the financial service providers as well as to set comparable conditions for the provision of financial services offered by

REGULATION A + Title IV of the JOBS Act, also known as Regulatory A + or Reg A +, represents a new form of securities

After describing the Financing principle in a previous article, it is now time to describe the Standard Documentation of a Securities Issuer but I feel

In most jurisdictions, the only real obligation of the shareholder is to release the subscription amount of his participation, that is, to pay it. If

Initialement, le Momentum désignait un facteur d’analyse technique utilisé par les intervenants en bourse. À l’instar d’autres indicateurs techniques, il donne des signaux d’achat ou

Comparison with Water Have you played with a waterspout in the garden when you were a kid ? If so, then you surely put your

The Protocol of Agreement is: an act under private seal, between natural or legal persons,or a public or international act between subjects of public law